Bielliptic and Hyperelliptic Modular curves \(X(N)\) and the group \(\mathrm{Aut}(X(N))\).

Bars, Francesc and Kontogeorgis, Aristides and Xarles, Xavier

Paris








Abstract

This note has two main facets, first we determine all modular curves \(X(N)\) (with \(N\geq 7\) which are hyperelliptic or bielliptic. As a consequence, the set \(\Gamma_2(X(N),M):=\{P\in X(N)(L)|[L:M]\leq2\}\) is not finite for some number field \(M\) if and only if \(N=7\) or \(N=8\). Moreover, we obtain that \(\Gamma_2(X(N),\mathbb{Q}(\zeta_N))\) is always finite where \(\zeta_N\) is an \(N\)-th primitive root of unity, hence, in particular, the number of quadratic points is finite for any model \(X_N\) over \(\mathbb{Q}\) of \(X(N)\). Secondly we make available a proof that the automorphism group of \(X(N)\) coincides with the normalizer of \(\Gamma(N)\) in \(\mathrm{PSL}_2(\mathbb{R})\) modulo \(\Gamma(N)\), in particular no exceptional automorphisms appear for \(X(N)\)

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